Iranian International Journal Of Social Sciences
Volume:1 Issue: 4, Autumn 2011

To the extent that a society is to work, there exist a need for a cooperative process, including Weber’s and Merton’s note of common means and goals. But at the same time, there exist no societal process without involving conflict; (conflict in a dynamic and dialectical sense.) Dealing with this problematic situation the emergence of “division of labor”, as a compulsive social differentiation, seemed to be inevitable. With the developmental process of societies, the division of labor, as the other processes, became more and more complex. The problem, here, is to analysis, theoretically and comparatively, the nature of Marx’s, and Durkheim’s theories of division of labor, concerning the notion of structuration as used by Giddens.

The present study is aimed at assessing the state of national identity among female students of Ahwaz Islamic Azad University and explores the social factors affecting upon it. The statistical society consisted of 8532 students at the three levels of associate diploma undergraduate and master degrees. The research method in this study is a “survey” and collection of data has been carried out by a questionnaire devised by the researchers. The sample size included 368 people based on Cochran formula who were selected by stratified sampling method. SPSS software was also utilized. Results of the research are examined in two categories: descriptive and explanatory sections. In the descriptive section the findings indicate that national identity among the statistical population is good and desirable. In other words, respondents enjoyed a strong identity. In the explanatory section, to test the hypotheses, Pearson statistical correlation coefficient and ANOVA test were used and following results were obtained:a- There is a relationship between national identity and deprivation variable. This relationship is reversed, that means by increasing deprivation, national identity decreases while, reducing deprivation, national identity increases.b- There is also a significant and reversed relationship between discrimination variable and national identity, which means increase or decrease of discrimination, weakens or enhances national identity respectively.c- There is a positive relationship between satisfaction variable and national identity, which means that increase or decrease of people’s satisfaction from the society, enhances or weakens the national identity.d- There is no meaningful relationship between family socio-economic status and national identity.e- There is no significant difference in national identity among the three group; associate diploma, undergraduate and master degree students.Among the various social factors that affect the national identity, satisfaction from society is more effective, than any other variables.

The frequency and impacts of floods have increased in Iran in the past few decades. As flood events are in most instances associated with human activities, mitigating their impacts requires non-structural and community-based initiative alongside structural measures. In this connection, the concept of community resilience has been advanced in recent times, which attaches importance to interactions among the largest group of stakeholders, collective memory and thinking, vertical and horizontal networks of cooperation and coordination, and pluralistic and flexible structures. Focusing on the case of post-flood Neka in the Caspian coast, this article highlights the need for a community resilience approach to addressing disasters in Iran. After describing the resilience concept as well as the Neka flood, results of a set of group interviews conducted with key public-sector stakeholders in the Neka basin several years after the event are analyzed. The main question is to what extent the major flood event in Neka gave impetus to building a resilient community structure. Findings indicate that, due to the major flood event, the knowledge and willingness of both public-sector actors and community members were enhanced, resulting in a resettlement program as well as efforts to prevent flood zone encroachment and sand and gravel mining. Yet, these were only prerequisites for enhancing community resilience which would require coordinated activities initiated by the public sector with short-, medium-, and long-term resilience-enhancing goals and outcomes.

Happiness is among the concepts which were subject of empirical studies in 1960s. This concept has been used interchangeably with such concepts as joy, satisfaction with life and the like. While meaningfully correlating with the feeling of joy and satisfaction with life, as indicated by numerous researches, the feeling of happiness is affected by different factors and situations. The present research aims to study and assess the feeling of happiness based on social and economic status. The present research is of survey type. Statistical population of the research consists of the young persons between the age of 15 and 29, residing in District 5 of the city of Tehran. The samples under study are 322 young persons who have been selected by Stratified sampling method. All of them were asked to answer to a questionnaire consisting of 77 questions. The achieved data was analyzed by using SPSS software program.The results indicated that there is a meaningful relation between the feeling of happiness and variables of life quality, socio-economic status, feeling of joy and satisfaction with life. On the other hand, according to the results of multiple regression analysis, only two variables of feeling of joy and socio -economic status had meaningful relation with dependent variable (feeling of happiness). The results achieved from hypotheses testing and theoretical model test correspond to the findings of previous researches and indicate that empirical data supports the research’s theoretical model.

Identity and other issues related to it is one the most important matters in human’s life. Identity is a complex and multi-dimensional issue; so studying it, considering its importance in different aspects of life, is rough. The main aim of this study is recognizing the effective factors on social identity as well as understanding the imagination and narration of women of themselves. With the use of qualitative method in this research we tried to explore and discover indices, concepts, factors and main compartments about women’s identity in Hashjin city and utilizing grounded theory, we gathered the data from observations and performing qualitative in-depth interviews from 18 qualitative samples. The results show that women’s understanding and imagination of themselves are generally religious and ethnic and the result of data analysis show that the core compartment of this study is submission. We can say that women have submission social identity and this sub missioning are more produced and reproduced through fatalism, determinism, beliefs, values and traditions.

The process of collection development, collection generating and obtaining information is of basic debates in libraries and information centers which a lot of articles have been written about the methods of collection development of information as well as the application of information technology, accordingly, to this day. This article, as opposed to other articles, which are about the prevailing methods of collection development and also the application of information technology in collection of libraries development and information centers, analyses the role of knowledge management, corporate culture, extension of relations as well as the development of human resources and their social role in the expansion of information collection; and finally, some scientific and studious centers and universities in Iran which started their collection of information development and their knowledge concerning the use of knowledge management and more noticing the human resources, are presented.

This article studies emotional divorce and the sociological factors effective on it in the city of Tehran. The statistical population of the research includes all the families residing in the city of Tehran and the sampling methodology is two-stage random and cluster sampling method. The theoretical framework of the research is a combination of the theory of structural functionalism and the theory of globalization of Anthony Giddens in the family domain. The methodology of the research is survey methodology and the data are gathered by researcher-made questionnaire. The results illustrate that the variables of ‘the discipline within family’ with -0.698, ‘the hierarchy of power in family’ with 0.631, and ‘the social capital in family’ with 0.563, have the most meaningful relationship with the amount of emotional divorce. Also the regression results of the research show that the independent variables of the research explain almost 0.665 of the variance and changes of emotional divorce.

This study focuses on the effect of social and cultural determinants on generation gap in Tehranian families in 2011. The purpose of this study is to determine effective factors on generation gap in Tehranian families, analytical and empirical patterns and be surveyed by related theories and effective factors. The research was prepared by questions including whether there is a relationship between social and cultural factors of Iran society and generation gap, if so, what determinants are and affect by how much impact factor, then analyze and determine the subject of research. The method of this research is survey method and information gathered by questionnaire from 500 persons of Tehranian families by cluster sampling which are chosen by simple random sampling. Questionnaire which is formed by researcher is based on Likert Spectrum. In order to analyze the information and test research theoretical model, SPSS and lisrel software are used respectively in this paper. The result of this study is found on direct numerical facts of relation pattern between independent and dependent variables; in other words, there is a significance relation between social and cultural factors including life style, location of residency, communication with ones having the same age in the group, social status of parents, access to mass media and education system with dependent variable, generation gap. Moreover, the results of structural equation model imply the relation between independent and dependent variable which can be claimed that presented models have pleasant fitting and there is favorite conformity between depicted model or structural model with empirical data; this means that the variables have suitable qualification to be used in the final model of research.